Intravitreal (IVT) injection is a procedure where medication is directly injected into the vitreous cavity of the eye. This treatment is commonly used to manage various eye conditions, particularly those affecting the retina. Here’s an overview of IVT injections:
Purpose: IVT injections are primarily used to deliver medications directly to the back of the eye, targeting conditions such as:
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD): IVT injections of anti-VEGF medications help reduce abnormal blood vessel growth and leakage, preserving vision.
Diabetic retinopathy: Medications injected can help manage swelling (edema) and abnormal blood vessels in the retina caused by diabetes.
Macular edema: IVT injections can reduce fluid accumulation in the macula, improving central vision.
Retinal vein occlusion: These injections can help manage complications resulting from blocked blood vessels in the retina.
Procedure: During an IVT injection, the eye is numbed with local anesthesia, and a small needle is used to carefully inject the medication into the vitreous gel, which fills the center of the eye. The procedure is typically performed in an outpatient setting and takes only a few minutes.
Medications Used: Common medications administered via IVT injection include:
Anti-VEGF agents: These medications block vascular endothelial growth factor, a protein that promotes abnormal blood vessel growth in the retina.
Steroids: Corticosteroids are used to reduce inflammation and swelling in the eye.
Other therapies: Occasionally, antibiotics or other specialized medications may be injected to treat specific eye infections or conditions.
Benefits: IVT injections offer several advantages, including targeted delivery of medications to the site of disease, reduced systemic side effects compared to oral medications, and effective management of sight-threatening conditions.
Risks and Considerations: While generally safe, IVT injections carry potential risks such as infection, retinal detachment, increased eye pressure, and rarely, damage to the lens or retina. Your eye care specialist will discuss these risks and monitor your eyes closely after injections to minimize complications.
Follow-Up: Regular follow-up appointments are essential to monitor your response to treatment, adjust medication dosages if necessary, and assess overall eye health and vision.
IVT injections play a crucial role in the management of various retinal diseases, offering patients a chance to preserve or improve vision with targeted and effective treatment. If you have been recommended for IVT injections, consult with an experienced eye care specialist to discuss the procedure, benefits, and potential outcomes specific to your condition.